Economic Letter

Brief summaries of SF Fed economic research that explain in reader-friendly terms what our work means for the people we serve.

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    Calibrating Monetary Policy

    The new SF Fed Policy Calibration Tool is designed to help construct a monetary policy path that aligns with one’s views of the economy and policy objectives. Applying the tool to recent tariff increases shows that preferred policy paths vary depending on one’s assessment of the economic effects of tariffs. If tariffs predominantly affect demand, more policy accommodation may be warranted; if they predominantly affect supply, less accommodation may be appropriate. The high uncertainty surrounding these effects implies a wide range of possible scenarios for the best course of action.

Explore Archive

June 29, 2026

Regis Barnichon, Aayush Singh

June 22, 2026

Jens Christensen, Nikola Mirkov, Xin Zhang

June 1, 2026

Andreas Hornstein, Marianna Kudlyak, Greeshma Avaradi, Taerin Kim

May 26, 2026

Hamza Abdelrahman, Andrew Foerster

May 11, 2026

Greeshma Avaradi, Zheng Liu, Steven Zhao

May 4, 2026

Stephie Fried, Tobin Graf, Simar Malhotra, Sanjay Singh

April 6, 2026

Sylvain Leduc, Luiz Edgard Oliveira

March 31, 2026

Michael Bauer, Wesley Wasserburger

March 30, 2026

Naomi Halbersleben, Oscar Jorda, Fernanda Nechio

February 17, 2026

Daniel Wilson, Xiaoqing Zhou

February 9, 2026

Lora Dufresne, Mark Spiegel

February 2, 2026

Schuyler Louie, John Mondragon, Rami Najjar, Johannes Wieland

January 12, 2026

Leila Bengali, Ingrid Chen, Addie New-Schmidt, Nicolas Petrosky-Nadeau

January 5, 2026

Regis Barnichon, Aayush Singh

December 15, 2025

Wataru Miyamoto, Rami Najjar, Thuy Lan Nguyen, Dmitriy Sergeyev

November 24, 2025

Naomi Halbersleben, Oscar Jorda, Fernanda Nechio

November 19, 2025

Evgeniya Duzhak, Addie New-Schmidt

November 3, 2025

Greeshma Avaradi, Stephie Fried, Toby Graf, Marianna Kudlyak, Brandon Miskanic

October 14, 2025

Leila Bengali, Cheikh Fall

October 6, 2025

Rohit Garimella, Simon Kwan, Thomas Mertens