We produce a wide range of publications that share the latest data, analysis, and insights from various teams at the SF Fed. Our publications help inform and strengthen public understanding of economic issues and its impact on people and communities.
Economic Research Publications
FRBSF Economic Letter >
Economic analysis for general audiences
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How Much Are Banks Exposed to Trade Policy Changes?
Banks may be indirectly exposed to trade policy through lending and through the broader effects of trade on the economy. Analysis finds that exposure to recent trade shocks was concentrated in large banks, including the six largest U.S. banks with strong ties to the global financial system. The cost of insuring large banks against default jumped following the April 2025 U.S. tariff announcement, indicating that investors perceived a higher risk of failure. This implies that future trade shocks could raise the risk of financial stress as assessed by market participants.
SF FedViews >
Analysis of current economic developments and the outlook
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SF FedViews: October 16, 2025
Sylvain Leduc, executive vice president and director of research at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, shared views on the current economy and the outlook from the Economic Research Department as of October 16, 2025.
Working Papers >
The latest in economic research
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What Is a Tariff Shock? Insights from 150 years of Tariff Policy
In this paper we exploit 150 years of tariff policy in the US and abroad to estimate the short-run effects of tariff shocks on macro aggregates. A careful review of the major changes in US tariff policy since 1870 shows no systematic relation between the state of the cycle and the direction of the tariff […]
Community Engagement and Analysis Publications
Community Development Research Briefs >
Research briefs feature data and commentary on community development trends and issues.
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The Evolving Homebuying Landscape: An Update with 2023 Data
This brief updates prior work on homebuying behavior before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. It finds continued declines in loan volumes in 2023 across all types of geographies and demographic groups. There were, however, increasing shares of loans to certain groups, including to younger people.
Community Development Working Papers >
Working papers provide in-depth analysis of emerging community development issues from practitioners and scholars.
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Housing Market Interventions and Residential Mobility in the San Francisco Bay Area
Limited evaluation research exists on which housing solutions are most effective in stabilizing communities so that those who wish to stay are able to do so in the midst of an influx of newcomers. This study seeks to fill this gap by assessing patterns of individual and household mobility related to specific housing interventions in the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area. Specifically, this study examines impacts of market-rate and subsidized development, and tenant protections, including rent stabilization and just cause for evictions protections.